System and method for outsorting suspect mail from an incoming mail stream

ABSTRACT

An embodiment of the system of the present invention generally comprises a mailpiece sorting apparatus which includes a feeder, an OCR scanner, a video scanner, a mailpiece transporter, a diverter and output module, compartments or bins for receiving sorted mailpieces, optical character recognition system for reading addressee information, an addressee database, a suspect database, and microprocessor based control system. In alternate embodiments of the present invention: the system is contained in a detection area and clean room and/or connection to an investigation entity. The system and method of integrates prediction of the presence of life harming material in mailpieces with mailpiece processing so as to help deter delays in incoming mail delivery caused by the presence of life harming material the suspected presence of life harming material and to protect the intended recipients from harm.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0001] Reference is made to commonly assigned co-pending patentapplications: Attorney Docket No. F-423 filed herewith titled SYSTEM FORDETECTING THE PRESENCE OF HARMFUL MATERIALS IN AN INCOMING MAIL STREAMin the name of William Ryan et al.; Attorney Docket No. F-424 filedherewith titled SYSTEM FOR SANITIZING INCOMING MAIL in the name ofWilliam Ryan et al.; and Attorney Docket F-426 filed herewith titledSYSTEM FOR SANITIZING AND SORTING MAIL in the name of William Ryan etal.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

[0002] The invention disclosed herein relates generally to automatedmail sorting and more particularly, a system and method that predictsthe presence of life harming materials in mailpieces.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

[0003] The processing and handling of mailpieces consumes an enormousamount of human and financial resources, particularly if the processingof the mailpieces is done manually. The processing and handling ofmailpieces not only takes place at the Postal Service, but also occursat each and every business or other site where communication via themail delivery system is utilized. That is, various pieces of mailgenerated by a plurality of departments and individuals within a companyneed to be addressed, collected, sorted and franked as part of theoutgoing mail process. Additionally, incoming mail needs to be collectedand sorted efficiently to ensure that it gets to the addressee (i.e.employee or department) in a minimal amount of time. Since much of thedocumentation and information being conveyed through the mail system iscritical in nature relative to the success of a business, it isimperative that the processing and handling of both the incoming andoutgoing mailpieces be done efficiently and reliably so as not tonegatively impact the functioning of the business.

[0004] Various services are used in the United States and othercountries for delivery of mail (incoming mail) to individuals andbusinesses to recipients to whom the sender does not want to deliverpersonally. These services include, for example, the United StatesPostal Service (USPS) and other courier services, e.g., FederalExpressly Airborne®, United Parcel Service,® DHL®, etc., hereinaftercalled “carriers”. Unfortunately, sometimes the delivered materials maybe illegal and/or hazardous to the health of the recipient and to theparty who is delivering the goods, e.g., life-harming. Examples oflife-harming materials are explosives; gun powder; blasting material;bombs; detonators; smokeless powder; radioactive materials; ammunition;atomic weapons; chemical compounds or any mechanical mixture containingany oxidizing and combustible units, or other ingredients in suchproportions, quantities, or packing that ignite by fire, friction,concussion, percussion or detonation of any part thereof which may andis intended to cause an explosion; poisons; carcinogenic materials;caustic chemicals; hallucinogenic substances; illegal materials; drugsthat are illegal to sell and/or dispense; and substances which, becauseof their toxicity, magnification or concentration within biologicalchains, present a threat to biological life when exposed to theenvironment, etc.

[0005] Soon after the Sep. 11, 2001, terrorist attack on the UnitedStates, someone and/or a group of people, has been adding harmfulbiological agents to the mail. The addition of harmful biological agentsto the mail submitted to the USPS has caused the death of some peopleand necessitated the closure of some post offices and other governmentoffice buildings and has caused delays in the sortation and delivery ofmail including the delivery of incoming mail to businesses. Individualswho receive and handle mail are encouraged to use safety precautionssuch as: washing their hands thoroughly with soap and water afterhandling mailpieces; avoiding shaking mailpieces; avoiding bumping orsniffing mailpieces; and avoiding handling of mailpieces suspected ofcontamination. These measures can be impractical when the volume of mailsuch as the incoming mail at a business is large. Thus, there is anurgent need to exclude or detect life-harming materials that areincluded in the mail in such a way that the delivery of the mail isefficient, reliable and safe and thus does not to negatively impact thefunctioning of the business.

[0006] Various automated mail handling machines have been developed forprocessing incoming mail (removing individual pieces of mail from astack and performing subsequent actions on each individual piece ofmail). Generally, the mail handling machines separate individualmailpieces from a stack, read the mailpieces using an optical characterrecognition (OCR) system and compare the read information to anaddressee database in order to determine the appropriate destinationpoints for delivery of the mailpieces. Previously, if a determinationcould not be made by the incoming mail handling machine as to theaddressee, a video image of the mailpiece was viewed by an operator andin the case where the addressee image was readable by the operator,addressee information was keyed into the system and associated with anidentification number for the mailpiece. The previously rejectedmailpieces are then resorted by reading the identification informationwhich can be printed on the mail during the first sort. Theidentification information is linked with the addressee informationmanually keyed in by the operator during the reject processing/videocoding sequence and is used to sort the mailpiece to the properdestination bin. Video processing of mailpieces has been performed aton-site video coding terminals or offsite video coding facilities wherethe video image is transmitted for determination of addressee by anoperator. The information is then transferred back to the sortingapparatus. These automated mail sorting apparatus do not contain theability to detect and/or sanitize mailpieces suspected of containinglife harming agents.

[0007] Thus, there is an urgent need to exclude or detect life-harmingmaterials that are included in the mail in such a way that the deliveryof the mail is efficient, reliable and safe and thus does not negativelyimpact the functioning of the business. Thus one of the problems of theprior art is that a system is not available for processing incoming mailand detecting and/or sanitizing mailpieces suspected of containing lifeharming agents. Therefore, a system and method of processing incomingmail is needed which integrates, prediction of harmful content,detection and/or sanitization with the mailpiece processing so as tohelp deter delays in incoming mail delivery caused by the presence orsuspected presence of life harming material and/or to detect and/orsanitize the mail so as to protect the intended recipients from harm.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0008] This invention overcomes the disadvantages of the prior art byproviding a system and method for processing incoming mail whichintegrates prediction of suspect status of the mailpiece so as to helpdeter delays in incoming mail delivery caused by the presence of lifeharming material and to protect the intended recipients from harm. Thisin turn affords for less delays in mailpiece processing.

[0009] The present invention is directed, in general to automatedmailpiece sorting apparatus and more particularly, a system forpredicting the presence of harmful materials in a mailpiece. The systemgenerally comprises a mailpiece sorting apparatus which includes afeeder, an optical character recognition (OCR) scanner, a video scanner,a mailpiece transporter, a diverter and output module (or an integrateddiverter/stacker module), compartments or bins for receiving sortedmailpieces, an OCR system for reading addressee information, anaddressee database, a suspect database, a personal computer (PC) ormicroprocessor based control system. The mailpiece sorting apparatus ofthe present invention also comprises a suspect database containingcriteria for suspect mailpieces.

[0010] In an embodiment of the present invention suspect mailpieces aredetermined by reading the mailpieces and using a pre-set criteria tomake the suspect determination; suspect mailpieces are diverted from themail stream. Once the first pass sorting is completed, the suspect mailmay be further processed using video coding to make a subsequentdetermination of suspect status. In another embodiment of the presentinvention the system is contained in a detection area and clean room. Inanother embodiment of the present invention the system is connected toan investigation entity which compiles information regarding suspectmailpieces.

[0011] An advantage of the method of the present invention is that itprovides a system and method for helping to deter delays in the maildelivery. Another additional advantage of the present invention is thatthe negative impact of delayed mail delivery is reduced. Otheradvantages of the invention will in part be obvious and will in part beapparent from the specification. The aforementioned advantages areillustrative of the advantages of the various embodiments of the presentinvention.

DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] The above and other objects and advantages of the presentinvention will be apparent upon consideration of the following detaileddescription, taken in conjunction with accompanying drawings, in whichlike reference characters refer to like parts throughout, and in which:

[0013]FIG. 1a is a block diagram that illustrates a computer system withwhich an embodiment of the invention may be implemented or controlled;

[0014]FIG. 1b illustrates the connection of the computer system to amail sorting apparatus;

[0015]FIG. 1c is a block diagram illustrating a four bin module whichmay be part of the mailpiece sorting apparatus used to perform anembodiment of the present invention;

[0016]FIGS. 2a-b illustrate exemplary suspect mailpieces;

[0017]FIGS. 2c-d illustrate exemplary trusted mailpieces which includePitney Bowes postage indicia that includes origin information;

[0018]FIG. 3 is a drawing of a mailpiece containing a postal indiciathat was affixed by an electronic meter;

[0019]FIG. 4 is a drawing of a mailpiece containing an Information-BasedIndicia;

[0020]FIG. 5a-e illustrates embodiments of the system of the presentinvention for sanitizing and sorting mail;

[0021]FIG. 6 illustrates an embodiment of the system of the presentinvention for sanitizing mail;

[0022]FIGS. 7a-b illustrate an embodiment of the system of the presentinvention for detecting life harming substances in mail and divertingsuch mail from the mail stream;

[0023]FIGS. 8a-b illustrates embodiments of the system of the presentinvention for detecting life harming substances in mail, through the useof x-ray, and diverting such mail from the mail stream;

[0024]FIGS. 9a-b illustrate an embodiment of the system of the presentinvention for detecting or predicting suspect mailpieces in a mailstream and diverting such mailpieces from delivery; and

[0025]FIG. 9c illustrates an embodiment of the method of the presentinvention for detecting or predicting suspect mailpieces in a mailstream and diverting such mailpieces from delivery.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PRESENT INVENTION

[0026] In describing the present invention, reference will be madeherein to FIGS. 1-9 of the drawings in which like numerals refer to likefeatures of the invention. Features of the invention are not necessarilyshown to scale in the drawings.

[0027] Automated Mailpiece Sorting Apparatus Overview

[0028]FIG. 1a is a block diagram that illustrates a computer system 100with which an embodiment of the invention may be implemented. Computersystem 100 may be a personal computer which is used generically andrefers to present and future microprocessing systems with at least oneprocessor operatively coupled to user interface means, such as a display102 and keyboard 104, and/or a cursor control, such as a mouse or atrackball 106, and storage media 108. The personal computer 100 may be aworkstation that is accessible by more than one user. The personalcomputer 100 also includes a conventional processor 110, such as aPentium® microprocessor manufactured by Intel, and conventional memorydevices such as hard drive 108, floppy drive(s) 112, and memory 114.

[0029] The computer system 100 can be connected to a sorting apparatus 8as illustrated in FIG. 1b. The mailpiece sorting apparatus 8 maygenerally comprise a feeder 10, a line scan camera 14 (and opticalcharacter recognition (OCR) software, not shown), a mailpiecetransporter 16, a bin module 20 (shown in FIG. 1c) with compartments orbins 18 for receiving sorted mailpieces 30 and a control system 100which may be the microprocessor based personal computer system 100described above. The computer system 100 includes appropriate memorydevices 108, 114 for storage of information such as an address database22. One of ordinary skill in the art would be familiar with the generalcomponents of the mail sorting apparatus 8.

[0030] The feeder 10 of mailpiece sorting apparatus 8 is designed tofeed mailpieces of varying sizes, thicknesses and finishes andtherefore, can singulate and feed variously configured incomingmailpieces including, for example, envelopes of various sizes,mailpieces up to % inches thick, magazines, and variously configuredsmall packages. The feeder's capability to handle such variousmailpieces make it well suited for the present invention because of theneed to singulate and sort mail which is of various sizes, thicknessesand finishes prior to additional processing. Such mailpieces aredifficult to feed with a typical feeding apparatus.

[0031] Exemplary aspects of the feeder 10 of the system of the presentinvention are disclosed in the following: U.S. Pat. No. 5,971,391,issued Oct. 26, 1999 to Salomon et al. titled NUDGER FOR A MAIL HANDLINGSYSTEM; U.S. Pat. No. 6,003,857, issued Dec. 21, 1999 to Salomon et al.titled SINGULATING APPARATUS FOR A MAIL HANDLING SYSTEM, U.S. Pat. No.6,135,441 issued Oct. 24, 2000 to Belec et al. titled TWO STAGE DOCUMENTSINGULATING APPARATUS FOR A MAIL HANDLING SYSTEM; U.S. Pat. No.6,217,020 issued Apr. 17, 2001 to Supron et al. titled METHOD ANDAPPARATUS FOR DETECTING PROPER MAILPIECE POSITION FOR FEEDING; and U.S.Pat. No. 6,328,300 issued Dec. 11, 2001 to Stefan et al. titled ALIGNERMECHANISM FOR A MAIL HANDLING SYSTEM and assigned to the assignee of thepresent invention and incorporated by reference herein.

[0032] The mailpiece sorting apparatus 8 and the OCR software may beused to determine the addressee of the mailpiece 30 or other informationon the face of the mailpiece 30. The reading of various information maybe performed with the assistance of intelligent character recognition(ICR) or imaging character recognition (OCR/IC) which may be part of theabove mentioned OCR software and can read the various fields on themailpiece 30.

[0033] Suspect/Harmful Mailpieces

[0034]FIGS. 2a-d illustrate various examples of suspect mail 30 a andtrusted mail 30 b. FIGS. 2a-b represent possibly suspect and/or harmfulmailpieces. The Postmaster General of the United States has sent amessage to postal customers across the country with criteria for suspectmailpieces. This United States Postal Service (USPS) criteriaincludes: 1) mail that is unexpected or from someone that you do notknow; 2) mail that is addressed to someone no longer at your address; 3)mail that is handwritten and has no return address or bears a returnaddress that cannot be confirmed; 4) mail that is lopsided or lumpy inappearance; 5) mail that is sealed with excessive amounts of tape; 6)mail that is marked with restrictive endorsements such as “personal” or“confidential”; and/or 7) mail that has excessive postage. The mailpieceof FIG. 2a is a possible suspect mailpiece because it has excessivepostage 32 (i.e. multiple stamps), is addressed to an addressee 29 nolonger at the address, bears the marking PERSONAL & CONFIDENTIAL 33 andhas an unconfirmable return address 34 of SRT NEW YORK, N.Y. Themailpieces of FIG. 2b is a possible suspect mailpiece because it bearsan unconfirmable return address 34 of PO BOX 14U, NEW YORK, N.Y.; isaddressed to an addressee 29 no longer at the address, and is sealedwith excessive amounts of tape 35.

[0035] In addition to the USPS criteria, Pitney Bowes, a companyproviding, leading-edge global, integrated mail and document managementsolutions for organizations of all sizes, and the assignee of thepresent invention, provides criteria at its web site www.pb.com. Thecriteria for suspect mail includes: 1) packages with excessive postage,using postage stamps as opposed to meter indicia; 2) addresses which arepoorly typed or handwritten, and have misspellings; 3) packages whichhave oily stains, crystallization on wrapper or strange odors; 4) mailcontaining no return address or a return address not consistent withpostmark; 5) mail which is exceptionally large or is a lopsided package;6) a package which is rigid, bulky or discolored; 7) a package whichdisplays evidence of electrical wire or tin foil; 8) a package whichmakes a sloshing sounds or appear to contain liquid; and 9) packageswith excessive wrapping materials, such as masking tape, strapping tape,or string. Other organizations, such as law enforcement agencies orinvestigation authorities are also providing criteria for determiningsuspect mail including the Federal Bureau of Investigations (FBI).

[0036]FIGS. 2c-d illustrate mail that is more trusted than those ofFIGS. 2a-b. The mail 30 b is trusted because postage (indicia 36) hasbeen fixed to the mailpiece using a postage meter such as a Pitney Boweselectronic postage meter. Each Pitney Bowes postage meter imprint,includes, a tracking number that identifies the original point ofmailing so recipients of mail can feel more comfortable receiving themail since each piece has a unique fingerprint. Pitney Bowes Galaxydigital postage meters (not shown) can print indicia which includesvarious other information such as encrypted information in the indicia36 of FIGS. 2c-d.

[0037]FIG. 3 is a drawing of a mailpiece containing a postal indiciathat was affixed by an electronic meter. Mailpiece 30 has a recipientaddress field 29 and a sender address field 8. A postal indicia 36 isaffixed to mailpiece 30. Indicia 36 contains a dollar amount 85; thedate 86 that postal indicia 36 was affixed to mailpiece 30; the place 87that mailpiece 30 was mailed; the postal meter serial number 88; aneagle 83; a security code 89; and, a tracking number 7. Security code 89and tracking number 90 are unique numbers that are derived from addressfield 29 and information contained in the postage meter that affixedindicia 36. The manner in which security code 89 and tracking number 90are obtained is disclosed in the Sansone, et al. U.S. Pat. No. 4,831,555titled UNSECURED POSTAGE APPLYING SYSTEM, assigned to the assignee ofthe present invention and herein incorporated by reference.

[0038]FIG. 4 is a drawing of a mailpiece 30 containing a indicia 37.Mailpiece 30 has a recipient address field 29 and a sender address field8. Mailpiece 30 contains USPS Information—Based Indicia (IBI) 37. TheUnited States Postal Service Engineering Center has published a noticeof proposed specification that describes a Information Based Indicia.The postal indicia 37 contains a dollar amount 93, the date 94, that thepostal indicia was affixed to mailpiece 30, the place 95 that mailpiece30 was mailed, the postal security device serial number 96, a FIM code97; a 2D encrypted bar code 98; and a tracking number 7. Serial number96 may be derived from bar code 98 or be equal to bar code 98. Bar code98 is a unique number that is derived from address field 29 andinformation contained in the postal security device that affixed IBI 37.The manner in which information contained in bar code 98 is obtained isdisclosed in the Sansone, et al. U.S. Pat. No. 4,831,555 titledUNSECURED POSTAGE APPLYING SYSTEM, assigned to the assignee of thepresent invention and herein incorporated by reference. Mailpiece 30also contains an indication 38 of the class of mailpiece 30.

[0039] In addition to offering criteria for suspect mailpieces, PitneyBowes offers guide lines for mail security practices so that companiescan establish trust with their recipients. The guidelines includemetering your mail such as with the Pitney Bowes indicia 36, using aclear identifiable return address such as a printed logo 34 a, usingpostcards, avoiding sending samples, using tamper resistant seals, andusing tape printed with your company name to seal packages.

[0040] System for Sanitizing and/or Sorting Mail

[0041]FIGS. 5a-e illustrates embodiments of the system the presentinvention for of sanitizing and sorting mail. FIG. 5a is an embodimentof a system 150 of the present invention for sanitizing and sortingmailpieces (referred to generally as mail or mailpieces 30 and includesmailpieces of various thicknesses and sizes such as mailpieces in anincoming mail stream). The system 150 of the present invention includesa feeder 10 for feeding mailpieces 30 (not shown) from a stack, asingulator 12 for separating mailpieces, a sanitizer 13 for sanitizingmailpieces (sanitization can include for example killing biohazardousmaterial in mailpieces 30 by means of microwave technology, irradiation,ultraviolet light, ozone, chemical mist or other technology that willkill the biohazardious material in the mailpiece without harming theletter/material content of the mailpiece). Many sanitizationtechnologies can only sanitize objects of relatively slim thicknesses,therefore, by the present invention mailpieces are singulated prior topassing through sanitization area 44. The system 150 further includes atransporter 16, a scanner 14 (such as a scanner for an optical characterrecognition (OCR) system), a control system 100 (such as the controlsystem of FIG. 1a), an addressee database 22 and a bin module 20 whichis shown in further detail in FIG. 5b to include individual sort bins18. While eight sort bins 18 are shown in FIG. 5b it should beunderstood that the number of sort bins 18 can be varied according tothe needs of a sort plan used for determining the destination bin foreach of the mailpieces 30 in the stack.

[0042] In an alternate embodiment, shown with dashed lines, asanitization room 40 can contain the feeder 10, singulator 12 andsanitizer 13 and a clean room 42 can include transporter 16, scanner 14,control 100 with database 22 and bin module 20. Other configurations forseparating sections of the system 150 into sanitization area 40 andclean area 42 could be performed. The purpose of separating componentsof the system is to minimize exposure to and contain possible harmfulelements that are emitted from or are in the mail stream. Operatorsstationed in the sanitization area 40 can be outfitted with personalprotective equipment such as respirators, lab coats and protectiveclothing, eye and face protection and gloves. The clean room 42 isconfigured so that air flow between the clean room 42 and thesanitization area 40 is from the clean room 42 to the sanitization area40 (thus the sanitation area has a negative pressure as compared to theclean room). The direction of air flow from clean room 42 tosanitization area 40 is shown by arrow A. Appropriate filtration andsealing can be provided in transition area 43 of the feed path F that isa passage between the clean room 42 and sanitization area 42. Acontainment module (not shown), for example, can be placed around thatarea with filtration devices and an opening along the feed path F toaccommodate the largest mailpiece which can be sorted by the system.Operators of the sanitization room can be trained in appropriate safetypractices including entrance and exit protocol, biohazard containmentand proper attire.

[0043] Sanitizer 13, in addition to including sanitizing apparatus(shown generally as 13 a and 13 b with a sanitization area 44 denotedgenerally as a dashed line between modules 13 a and 13 b) describedbelow can be configured in such a way as to transport singulatedmailpieces past a sanitization area 44. This can be done for exampleusing a configuration as shown in FIG. 5c which includes a transportbelt 45 for moving mailpieces and conveyor. In the sanitizer 13, themailpieces 30 are driven along their bottom edges by a transport belt 45along feed path F. The gap D between the guide walls 46 a and 46 b and47 a and 47 b allows that the frictional forces between the mailpiecesare almost nonexistent. Since the frictional forces tend to causemulti-mailpiece feeds, this configuration helps to preventmulti-mailpiece feeds from occurring. Furthermore, the sanitizingstation acts as a buffer allowing mailpieces to deskew or register ontothe transport belt 45. Subsequent to passage through the sanitizingstation 13 the individual mailpieces are transported into the nextsegment of the system 150, the transport station 16.

[0044] In the preferred embodiment, the distance D between guide walls46 a-b and 47 a-b is approximately 28 millimeters. This allows for thepassage of {fraction (3/4)}″ thick mailpieces. However, other mailpiecethickness specifications and distances may be used. The minimum distancemay be determined by the specification of the maximum width ofmailpieces to be passed along the document feed path F. Additionally,the distance is determined by the minimum angle that the smallestmailpiece would have with respect to the transport belt 45 when leaningagainst guide walls 46 a-b or 47 a-b. The angle, if too small, wouldcause the mailpiece to lean below the sanitization area.

[0045] In an alternate embodiment (illustrated in FIG. 5d), instead ofguide walls, vertically oriented transport belts 48 a-b and verticallyoriented transport belts 49 a-b are positioned parallel to and on eachside of the transport belt 45 along feed path F. The vertically orientedbelts are driven in the direction of the feed path F and serve to movethe mailpieces along the feed path F as well as provide support for themailpieces in a similar fashion to the guide walls 46 a-b and 47 a-b. Anexpanded view of a typical configuration for vertically orientedtransport belts 49 a-b is shown in FIG. 5e. A similar configuration maybe used for vertically oriented transport belts 48 a-b.

[0046] The sanitizer 13 for sanitizing mailpieces can include, forexample, technology for killing biohazardous material such as Anthrax,contained in mailpieces 30 by means of microwave technology,irradiation, ultraviolet light, ozone, chemical mist or other technologythat will kill the biohazardous material in the mailpiece withoutharming the letter/material content of the mailpiece).

[0047]FIG. 6 illustrates an embodiment of the system 151 of the presentinvention for sanitizing mail. The system 151 is a less costly systemthan that of system 150 since the system 151 does not include sortationcomponents such as a sort plan, OCR system 14 and bin modules 20. Thesystem 151 comprises a separation module 9 which includes feeder 10 andsingulator 12. Down stream of separation module 9, along feed path F issanitizer 13 followed by output module 17 for collecting the sanitizedmailpieces 30. The sanitizer 13 for sanitizing mailpieces can include,for example, technology for killing biohazardous material such asAnthrax, contained in mailpieces 30 by means of microwave technology,irradiation, ultraviolet light, ozone, chemical mist or other technologythat will kill the biohazardous material in the mailpiece withoutharming the letter/material content of the mailpiece). The output module17 could be for example, a cart, a bucket, a stacker such as ahorizontal or vertical stacker or other suitable component. Alternately,the diverter and stacker modules can be integrated.

[0048] In the present embodiment of the system of the present inventionwhere mailpieces are moved along the feed path F in a vertical or onedge orientation, the output or collection module 17 could be an on-edgemail stacking system comprising a transport followed by various stackingmechanisms. Generally, a multi-bin on-edge stacking system includesgating mechanisms which divert specific mailpieces into predeterminedstacker bins (not shown). Typically, mailpieces are transportedvertically along a dual belt transport system, deflected into a stackerbin by a deflector mechanism, and guided into the bin by conventionalguide and urging components. The objective of mail stacking systems isto produce one or more bundles of mailpieces.

[0049] In an alternate embodiment, shown with dashed lines, thesanitization room 40 can contain the separation module 9 (includingfeeder 10 and singulator 12) and sanitizer 13 and the clean room 42 caninclude output module 17. Other configurations for separating sectionsof the system 150 into sanitization area 40 and clean area 42 could beperformed. The purpose of separating components of the system is tominimize exposure to and contain possible harmful elements that areemitted from or are in the mail stream. Clean room technology isexplained generally above, note that in FIG. 6 the direction of air flowis from clean room 42 to sanitization area 40 and is shown by arrow A.

[0050] System for Detecting the Presence of Harmful Materials in Mail

[0051]FIGS. 7a-b illustrates embodiments of the system 152 of thepresent invention for detecting life harming substances in mail anddiverting such mail from the mail stream. The system 152 comprises afeeder 10, singulator 12, detector 23 for detecting the presence ofharmful materials, diverter 24 for diverting mailpieces for which thepresence of life harming materials has been detected (hereinafterharmful mailpieces). The diverter 24 diverts the harmful mailpieces tocollection module 25 and is typically configured such that a finger orvan (not shown) diverts mailpieces from the feed path F to an outsorting path O. Mailpieces for which no presence of life harmingmaterials has been detected (hereinafter clean mailpieces) remain alongfeed path F and continue through transporter 16 to appropriate sort bin18 (shown in FIG. 7b) of bin module 20. In an alternate embodiment ofthe present invention, multiple diverters and stackers can be used suchthat each diverter is designated for diverting a particular category ofmailpiece. As described above the control system 100, addressee database22 (the addressee database has various fields that contain addresseeinformation including for example an addressee name field and anassociated addressee location field) and a sort plan are used to make adetermination of the appropriate sort bin 18 (associated with theaddressee location field) for delivery of the mailpiece.

[0052] Alternately, the diverter and stacker modules can be integrated.In the present embodiment of the system of the present invention wheremailpieces are moved along the feed path in a vertical or on edgeorientation, the output or collection module 17 could be an on-edge mailstacking system comprising a transport followed by various stackingmechanisms. Generally, a multi-bin on-edge stacking system includesgating mechanisms which divert specific mailpieces into predeterminedstacker bins (not shown). Typically, mailpieces are transportedvertically along a dual belt transport system, deflected into a stackerbin by a deflector mechanism, and guided into the bin by conventionalguide and urging components. The objective of mail stacking systems isto produce one or more bundles of mailpieces.

[0053] In an alternate embodiment, shown with dashed lines, thedetection room 41 can contain the feeder 10, singulator 12 and sanitizer13 and the clean room 42 can include transporter 16, scanner 14, control100 with addressee database 22 and bin module 20. Other configurationsfor separating sections of the system 152 into detection room 41 andclean room 42 could be performed. The purpose of separating componentsof the system is to minimize exposure to and contain possible harmfulelements that are emitted from or are in the mail stream. Operatorsstationed in the sanitization area 40 can be outfitted with personalprotective equipment such as respirators, lab coats and protectiveclothing, eye and face protection and gloves. The clean room 42 isconfigured so that air flow between the clean room 42 and the detectionroom 41 is from the clean room 42 to the detection room 41 (thus thedetection room 41 has a negative pressure as compared to the clean room42). The direction of air flow from clean room 42 to detection room 41is shown by arrow A. Appropriate filtration and sealing can be providedin transition area 43 of the feed path F that is a passage between theclean room 42 and detection room 41. A containment module (not shown),for example, can be placed around that area with filtration devices andan opening along the feed path F to accommodate the largest mailpiecewhich can be sorted by the system. Operators of the detection room 41can be trained in appropriate safety practices including entrance andexit protocol, biohazard containment and proper attire.

[0054] The detector 23 can be configured similarly to the sanitizers ofFIGS. 5c and 5 d so as to move mailpieces along feed path F the gapbetween walls or vertically oriented belts. Detection occurs in area 44between components 13 a and 13 b which in this embodiment are detectionapparatus. The detector be configured to detect for example biohazardousmaterials or explosives. The output module 25 could be for example, acart, a bucket, a biohazardous materials container, a stacker such as ahorizontal or vertical stacker (the general components of a stacker forhandling mixed sized mailpieces are described U.S. Pat. No. 6,161,830titled METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR STACKING MIXED MAIL issued to Yap onDec. 19, 2000, assigned to the assignee of the present invention andherein incorporated by reference) or other suitable component such as abin for containing biohazardous materials or an explosives container.

[0055] In an alternate embodiment shown in FIGS. 8a-b, the detector canbe an x-ray module 23 a. X-ray technology can be used to screenmailpieces for suspicious content. X-rays generally indicate the densityof materials contained in the article being x-rayed. An x-ray of amailpiece can be used, for example, to detect materials such as powders,plastics, electronics and wires or other potentially life threateningmaterials. A method can be used to interpret an x-ray of the mailpiecesby interpreting the x-ray image. If the x-ray image contains portionsthat are interpreted to be suspect, then the system can divert themailpiece to collection module 25. The system 152 of FIG. 8a can alsoinclude the detection room 41 and clean room 42 configuration describedabove, with air flow between the detection room and the clean room showngenerally with arrow A.

[0056] The present invention provides detection of harmful materials anddiversion of mailpieces suspected of containing harmful materials fromthe mailstream. It does not address the issue of cross contamination ofthe mailpieces. It is assumed that since detection is performed aftermailpieces have been singulated that if mailpieces have been crosscontaminated, the contamination will be detected for each individualmailpiece as it passes through detection module 23.

[0057] System and Method for Outsorting Suspect Mail from a Mail Stream

[0058]FIGS. 9a-b illustrate an embodiment of the system of the presentinvention for detecting or predicting suspect mailpieces in a mailstream and diverting such mailpieces from delivery. FIG. 9c illustratesan embodiment of the method the present invention for detecting orpredicting suspect mailpieces in a mail stream and diverting suchmailpieces from delivery.

[0059]FIG. 9a illustrates a system 153 for detecting (or predicting) andout sorting suspect mail from a mail stream. The system 153 includes afeeder 10, singulator 12, transporter 16, optical character recognition(OCR) scanner 14, video scanner 15, control system 100, addresseedatabase 22 for use with a sort plan and a suspect database 26 thatincludes criteria for determining whether a mailpiece is suspected ofcontaining life harming substances. The suspect database is used in themethod illustrated in FIG. 9c for detecting suspect mailpieces in a mailstream and diverting such mailpieces from delivery. Downstream from thetransporter 16 along the feed path F, the diverter module 24 ispositioned to divert mailpieces into collection module 25. The diverter24 diverts the suspect mailpieces to collection module 25 and istypically configured such that a finger or van (not shown) divertsmailpieces from the feed path F to an out sorting path O. Collectionmodule 25 could be for example, a cart, a bucket, a biohazardousmaterials container, a stacker such as a horizontal or vertical stacker(the general components of a stacker for handling mixed sized mailpiecesare described U.S. Pat. No. 6,161,830 titled METHOD AND APPARATUS FORSTACKING MIXED MAIL issued to Yap on Dec. 19, 2000, assigned to theassignee of the present invention and herein incorporated by reference)or other suitable component such as a bin for containing biohazardousmaterials or an explosives container. Bin module 20 is positioneddownstream from diverter 24 for collecting trusted mailpieces inappropriate bins 18 (shown in FIG. 9b) as determined by the sort plan.

[0060] In an alternate embodiment of the present invention, multiplediverters and stackers can be used such that each diverter is designatedfor diverting a particular category of mailpiece.

[0061] Alternately, the diverter and stacker modules can be integrated.In the present embodiment of the system of the present invention wheremailpieces are moved along the feed path F in a vertical or on edgeorientation, the output or collection module 17 could be an on-edge mailstacking system comprising a transport followed by various stackingmechanisms. Generally, a multi-bin on-edge stacking system includesgating mechanisms which divert specific mailpieces into predeterminedstacker bins (not shown). Typically, mailpieces are transportedvertically along a dual belt transport system, deflected into a stackerbin by a deflector mechanism, and guided into the bin by conventionalguide and urging components. The objective of mail stacking systems isto produce one or more bundles of mailpieces.

[0062] In an alternate embodiment, shown with dashed lines, thedetection room 41 can contain the feeder 10, singulator 12, transporter16, OCR scanner 14, video scanner 15, control 100 with addresseedatabase 22 and suspect database 26, and diverter module 25 connected tocollection module 25. The clean room 42 can include bin module 20. Otherconfigurations for separating sections of the system 153 into detectionroom 41 and clean room 42 could be performed. The purpose of separatingcomponents of the system 153 is to minimize exposure to and containpossible harmful elements that are emitted from or are in the mailstream. Air flow between the detection room 41 and the clean room 40 isshown generally with arrow A. The purpose of separating components ofthe system 153 is to limit exposure to and contain possible harmfulelements that are emitted from or are in the mail stream. Operatorsstationed in the sanitization area 40 can be outfitted with personalprotective equipment such as respirators, lab coats and protectiveclothing, eye and face protection and gloves. The clean room 42 isconfigured so that air flow between the clean room 42 and the detectionroom 41 is from the clean room 42 to the detection room 41 (thus thedetection room 41 has a negative pressure as compared to the clean room42). Appropriate filtration and sealing can be provided in transitionarea 43 of the feed path F that is a passage between the clean room 42and detection room 41. A containment module (not shown), for example,can be placed around that area with filtration devices and an openingalong the feed path F to accommodate the largest mailpiece which can besorted by the system. Operators of the sanitization room can be trainedin appropriate safety practices including entrance and exit protocol,biohazard containment and proper attire.

[0063]FIG. 9c illustrates an embodiment of the method of the presentinvention for detecting or predicting suspect mailpieces in a mailstream and diverting such mailpieces from delivery. At step S200 themethod begins. At step S202 a stack of mailpieces (not shown) is placedon the feeder 10 of the system 153 and the feeder 10 is set to autofeed. At step S204 the mailpieces 30 are moved along the feed path F anda leading mailpiece is obtained from the singulating device. At stepS206 the mailpiece 30 is read using OCR scanner 14 and/or video scanner15. At step S208 information read from the mailpiece is compared toinformation in suspect database 26. The suspect database containsvarious criteria such as the criteria described above (under the headingSUSPECT/HARMFUL MAILPIECES) for determining a suspect mailpiece. Thesystem 153 also comprises software for performing the decision makingprocess as to whether the mailpiece is suspect, such as is asked in thequery of step S210. The software can be written such that when it isdetermined that a mailpiece meets a particular percentage of thecriteria stored in suspect database 26 then the mailpiece is concludedto be suspect.

[0064] Tape on the mailpiece could be detected with an optical scannerwhich comprises a light source, a lens and sensor (not shown) integratedinto the document scanner module. The optical scanner can be a PI200MC-Cmodule manufactured by Peripheral Imaging Corporation of San Jose,Calif. The optical scanner has high accuracy of about 200 to 300 dpi.The optical scanner is able to scan a variety of mailpieces and isconnected to a system controller 100 which processes informationoutputted by the scanner. The optical scanner could sense the tape area,such as a shiny or matte area of the envelope, by detecting the opticaldifference between the tape area and the non-tape area. The tapemodifies the surface characteristics of the mailpiece, resulting in adifference in optical response as detected by the sensor.

[0065] If it is determined at the query of step S210 that the mailpieceis not suspect, then at step S210 a the system 153 uses addresseedatabase 22 and a sort plan to determine the appropriate bin 18 fordelivery of mailpiece. This determination is not the subject of thepresent invention and is made generally as follows: 1) the system 153makes a comparison of information obtained by the OCR system with theaddressee database 22 to attempt to find an addressee match; 2) a queryis made as to whether an addressee match has been made; 3) if anaddressee match has been made, the mailpiece is delivered to appropriatebin 18; and 4) if an addressee match has not been made, mailpiece aredelivered to, for example a reject bin 18 a. Reject mailpieces may beprocessed further using other methods such as, for example, video codingor voice recognition. At step S210 b the mailpiece, which could be forexample trusted mailpiece trusted mailpiece 30 b as illustrated in FIGS.2c-d, is delivered to the appropriate sort bin 18.

[0066] Returning to the query of step S210, if the answer to the queryis yes then the mailpiece is suspect and at step S212 the mailpiece isdiverted to collection module 25 (described above) by diverter 24. In analternate embodiment, shown with dashed lines, when the mailpiece isdetermined to be suspect at step S210, then at step S211 anidentification (ID) code 32 (shown in FIG. 2a) is printed on themailpiece and may be read in subsequent sorting passes. The printing isperformed using a printer module 11 situated along the feed path F ofthe system 153 upstream from diverter 24. The printer module 11 is shownwith dashed lines in FIG. 9a. In the alternate embodiment, after stepS211, the suspect mailpiece 30 a is diverted to collection module 25(described above) by diverter 24.

[0067] Steps S211, S212 and S210 b are each followed by step S214 wherea query is made as to whether there are more mailpieces to be processed.If the answer to the query of step S214 is yes, then steps S204 throughS212 are repeated as appropriate until there are no more mailpieces tobe processed. If the answer to the query of step S214 is no, then atstep S218 the method ends.

[0068] In an alternate embodiment, shown with dashed lines, after thequery of step S214 if there are no more mailpieces to be processed thenat step S215 a suspect mailpieces are retrieved from the divertercollection bin and delivered to a sanitization/processing area (notshown) (or the diverter collection bin containing the suspect mailpiecesis transported to a sanitization/processing area). Thesanitization/processing area is configured to process mailpieces such,for example to biohazardous material in the mailpiece and is describedabove in the description of system 153. Next at step S215 b the suspectmailpieces are sanitized/processed. Following sanitization/processing,the mailpieces determined to be safe can be resorted for delivery to theappropriate bin 18, such determination is made using addressee database22 and the sort plan. Next at step S218 the method ends.

[0069] In another alternate embodiment, shown with dashed lines, at stepS217 a an image of the suspect mailpiece is sent to a video codingterminal 19 (shown with dashed lines in FIG. 9a). Next at step S217 b,an operator of the video coding terminal 19 makes a final determinationas to the suspect status of the mailpiece. The query is made to theoperator at step S217 c as to whether the mailpiece is suspect. If theoperator determines the mailpiece to be suspect, such information istagged to the mailpiece ID code 32 (which was printed in alternate stepS211 onto the suspect mailpiece 30 a). If the operators determines thatthe mailpiece is not suspect, then at step S217 e the operator tags themailpiece ID code 32 (printed in alternate step S211) to indicatenon-suspect mailpiece/delivery to appropriate bin. At step S217 ffollowing steps S217 d and steps S217 e, a query is made as to whetherthere are more images to be processed. If the answer to the query ofstep S217 f is yes, then steps S217 a-e are repeated as appropriate. Ifthe answer the query of S217 f is no, then at step S217 g the suspectmailpieces are resorted for delivery as indicated by information taggedto the mailpiece ID code 32 in steps S217 d or S217 e

[0070] An additional feature of the present invention is recordation ofaddressee and sender information for suspect mailpieces and recordationof suspect criteria for which the mailpiece was determined to besuspect. A video image of the mailpiece can also be stored with thesuspect information. Such information can be used by law enforcementpersonnel to attempt to determine the origin of the mailpieces.Additional information such as the time and date of sort or receipt,recipient information and sender information, cancellation zip code canalso be stored. Such information could later be used as additionalsuspect criteria. Additionally, the system 153 could be connected to,for example, the USPS, a private investigator or law enforcementagencies so that information such as a video image of the suspectmailpiece 30 a or data obtained from the mailpiece could be transmittedto such investigation entity 28 and possibly stored in a database 28 abelonging to the investigation entity 28.

[0071] The present invention provides a system and method for helping todeter delays in the mail delivery. Another additional advantage of thepresent invention is that the negative impact of delayed mail deliveryis reduced. It further provides the ability to protect recipientsreceipt of life threatening mailpieces. While the present invention hasbeen disclosed and described with reference to a single embodimentthereof, it will be apparent, as noted above that variations andmodifications may be made therein. It is, thus, intended in thefollowing claims to cover each variation and modification that fallswithin the true spirit and scope of the present invention.

What is claimed is:
 1. A system for sorting mailpieces and determiningwhether a mailpiece is suspected of containing harmful material, thesystem comprising comprising: a component for singulating and feeding amailpiece along a feed path of the system; a system for reading themailpiece, the system for reading the mailpiece positioned downstreamfrom the component for singulating and feeding the mailpiece along thefeed path; and a control system for controlling the system for sortingmailpieces and determining whether the mailpiece is suspected ofcontaining harmful material or is a trusted, mailpiece.
 2. The system asclaimed in claim 1 further comprising: a printer for printing anidentification code on the mailpiece if the mailpiece is determined tobe suspect; a diverter for diverting the mailpiece into a collectionmodule if the mailpiece is determined to be suspect; and a bin modulecomprising two or more destination bins for receiving the mailpiece ifthe mailpiece has been determined to be trusted.
 3. The system asclaimed in claim 1 further comprising: a diverter for diverting themailpiece into a collection module if the mailpiece is determined to besuspect; and a bin module comprising two or more destination bins forreceiving the mailpiece if the mailpiece has been determined to betrusted.
 4. The system as claimed in claim 1 wherein the control systemprovides processing of information read from the mailpiece by comparisonof the information read from the mailpiece to information in anaddressee database and information in a suspect database, the comparisonto the suspect database for determining whether the mailpiece issuspected of containing harmful material and the comparison to theaddressee database is for determining the appropriate addressee anddestination bin for a trusted mailpiece.
 5. The system as claim in claim1 further comprising a video coding terminal coupled to the system forsorting mailpieces and determining whether the mailpiece is suspected ofcontaining harmful material, the video coding terminal for receiving avideo image of the suspect mailpiece, the video image obtained from thesystem for reading the mailpiece, the video coding terminal for use byan operator to make a final determination as to the suspect status ofthe mailpiece.
 6. The system as claimed in claim 1 further comprising aweb server coupled to the system for a sorting mailpieces anddetermining whether the mailpiece is suspected of containing harmfulmaterial, the web server for connecting the system for sortingmailpieces and determining whether the mailpiece is suspected ofcontaining harmful material to an investigation entity and forfacilitating sending of the video image of the suspect mailpiece andinformation from the suspect mailpiece to the investigation entity. 7.The system as claimed in claim 6 further comprising a profile database,connected to the investigation entity the profile database for storingvideo images of the suspect mailpiece and information from the suspectmailpiece.
 8. The system as claimed in claim 1 further comprising: adetection area, the detection area containing the component forsingulating and feeding a mailpiece, the system for reading themailpiece, the control system, the diverter and the collection module.9. The system as claimed in claim 8 further comprising: a clean area,the clean area for containing the bin module, the clean area connectedto the detection area at a transition area, the detection area having anarea pressure lesser than an air pressure in the clean area whereby airflow is from the clean area to the detection area.
 10. The system asclaimed in claim 8 wherein the detection area further comprises aprinter for printing an identification code on the mailpiece.
 11. Thesystem as claimed in claim 9 further comprising: a video coding terminalcoupled to the system for sorting mailpieces and determining whether themailpiece is suspected of containing harmful material, the video codingterminal for receiving a video image of the suspect mailpiece, the videoimage obtained from the system for reading the mailpiece, the videocoding terminal for use by an operator to make a final determination asto the suspect status of the mailpiece; and wherein the clean areafurther comprises a video coding terminal for observing a video image ofthe mailpiece.
 12. The system as claimed in claim 5 wherein the videocoding terminal is located remotely from the system.
 13. A method ofsorting mailpieces and determining whether a mailpiece is suspected ofcontaining harmful materials using a mailpiece processing system, themethod comprising the steps of: a. singulating and feeding a mailpiecealong a feed path of the system; b. reading the mailpiece as themailpiece moves along the feed path to obtain information about themailpiece; and c. determining whether the mailpiece is suspected ofcontaining harmful material or is a trusted, mailpiece based upon theinformation read from the mailpiece.
 14. The method as claimed in claim13 further comprising the steps of: d. printing an identification codeon the mailpiece if the mailpiece is determined to be suspect; and e.diverting the mailpiece into a collection module if the mailpiece isdetermined to be suspect.
 15. The method as claimed in claim 14 furthercomprising the step of: f. receiving the mailpiece in a bin module ifthe mailpiece has been determined to be trusted.
 16. The method asclaimed in claim 13 further comprising the steps of: d. a diverter fordiverting the mailpiece into a collection module if the mailpiece isdetermined to be suspect; and e. receiving the mailpiece in a bin moduleif the mailpiece has been determined to be trusted.
 17. The method asclaimed in claim 13 further comprising the steps of: d. processing theinformation read from the mailpiece by comparison of the informationread from the mailpiece to information in an addressee database andinformation in a suspect database, the comparison to the suspectdatabase for determining whether the mailpiece is suspected ofcontaining harmful material and the comparison to the addressee databaseis for determining the appropriate addressee and destination bin for atrusted mailpiece.
 18. The method as claimed in claim 13 furthercomprising the steps of: d. receiving a video image of the suspectmailpiece at a video coding the video coding terminal for use by anoperator to make a final determination as to the suspect status of themailpiece.
 19. The method as claimed in claim 18 further comprising thesteps of: e. sending of the video image of the suspect mailpiece andinformation from the suspect mailpiece to an investigation entity. 20.The method as claimed in claim 18 further comprising the steps of: e.storing the video image of the suspect mailpiece and information fromthe suspect mailpiece in a profile database an the investigation entity.21. The method as claimed in claim 13 wherein the determination as towhether the mailpiece is suspect or trusted includes determining whetherthe mailpiece contains a predetermined amount of suspect criteria. 22.The system as claimed in claim 1 wherein the system for reading themailpiece includes an optical scanner which comprises a light source, alens and sensor, the optical scanner senses a tape area on the mailpieceby detecting an optical difference between the tape area and thenon-tape area.
 23. The method as claimed in claim 20 wherein theinformation from the suspect mailpiece comprises a time and date ofsort, a date and time of receipt, recipient information, senderinformation, and cancellation zip code.
 24. A method of sortingmailpieces and determining whether a mailpiece is suspected ofcontaining harmful materials using a mailpiece processing system, themethod comprising the steps of: a. singulating and feeding a mailpiecealong a feed path of the system; b. reading the mailpiece as themailpiece moves along the feed path to obtain information about themailpiece; c. determining whether the mailpiece is suspected ofcontaining harmful material or is a trusted, mailpiece based upon theinformation read from the mailpiece, the determination made bycomparison of the information read from the mailpiece to information inan addressee database and information in a suspect database, thecomparison to the suspect database for determining whether the mailpieceis suspected of containing harmful material and the comparison to theaddressee database is for determining the appropriate addressee anddestination bin for a trusted mailpiece; d. printing an identificationcode on the mailpiece if the mailpiece is determined to be suspect; e.diverting the mailpiece into a collection module if the mailpiece isdetermined to be suspect; f. receiving the mailpiece in a bin module ifthe mailpiece has been determined to be trusted; g. receiving a videoimage of the suspect mailpiece at a video coding the video codingterminal for use by an operator to make a final determination as to thesuspect status of the mailpiece; h. sending of the video image of thesuspect mailpiece and information from the suspect mailpiece to aninvestigation entity; and i. storing the video image of the suspectmailpiece and information from the suspect mailpiece in a profiledatabase an the investigation entity; whereby the determination as towhether the mailpiece is suspect or trusted includes determining whetherthe mailpiece contains a predetermined amount of suspect criteria; andwherein the information from the suspect mailpiece comprises a time anddate of sort, a date and time of receipt, recipient information, senderinformation, and cancellation zip code.